近古以来, 未之有也。 诗!云: &修我戈矛, 与子同仇 , 娥亲之谓也。 敬仰之情溢于言表。 马 钧传!结尾对马钧的科技成就给予高度评价, 并对当时社会没有重视他、 不能发挥他的才能感 到痛心。有时杂传作品引用民谣表达对人物的评价, 袁绍传!注引 英雄记!写袁成( 字文开) 时引京师谚语:# 事不谐, 问文开。 吕布传!注引 曹瞒传!时人语曰:# 人中有吕布,马中有赤兔。 总体上看, 裴注所引杂传为三国人物增添了不少色彩, 使传主形象更为生动传神, 也使 三 国志!得以更广泛地流传。杂传在传记文学发展史上的贡献不可忽视。程千帆先生指出: # 纪 传体之史, 固史传文学之正宗, 而西汉之末, 杂传渐兴, 魏晋以来, 斯风尤甚, 方于正史, 若骖随 靳。其体上承史公列传之法, 下启唐人小说之风, 乃传记之重要发展也。 [ 3]而且, 以 三国演 义!为代表的三国小说、 三国戏剧之所以能深入人心, 很大原因在于这些作品采纳了杂传的细 节和传奇色彩, 如 三国演义!第一回写曹操少年时的奸诈, 故事就出自杂传 曹瞒传!。另外, 裴注所引杂传的许多故事已经演化为今天的常用成语。如饮醇自醉( 周瑜传!注) 、 云中白鹤 ( 邴原传!注) 、 刮目相看( 吕蒙传!注) 、 竭尽全力( 贾逵传!注) 、 识时务者为俊杰( 诸葛亮传! 注) 、 司马昭之心路人皆知( 三少帝纪!注) 等。 [ 参 考 文 献 ] [ 1] 吴纳. 文章辨体序说[M] . 北京: 人民文学出版社, 1962. [ 2] 李祥年. 汉魏六朝传记文学史稿[M] . 上海: 复旦大学出版社, 1995. [ 3] 程千帆. 先唐文学源流论略四[J]. 武汉师院学报, 1981(4). [ 责任编辑 杨 军] A Concise Review of the Non?official Biographies Cited in Interpretations to Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms ZHANG Xin?ke ( College of Chinese Language and Literature, Shaanxi Normal University , Xi an 710062, Shaanxi) Abstract: Pei Songzhi, a scholar writing when Emperors from the Liu family were on the throne of State of Song in the Southern Dynasties, cited large quantities of non?official biographies in interpreting Chronicles ofthe Three Kingdoms,whichmirrored contemporary social circumstances in different ways. Formally spearking, these non ?official biographies were different from historical ones because they were independent of historical works with liberal ideas, short passage and flexible and diverse forms.This only indicates that Chinese classical biography literature ushered into a new era of development in time of the Wei and the Jin dynasty. From a perspective of artistic orgin, these non?official biographies succeeded the tradition of historical biography established by Records of theHistorian and carried it forward by portraying the image of the biographical figure with details and conduct, with detailed psychological description and with dark color of romance and affection. Thus these non?official biographies are of rather high value in history and in literature for they made up for Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms and made those historical figures individualistic. Key Words: Interpretations to Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms; non?official biography; value in history; value in literature 40